英文书信结构要素
（1 ）信头（Letterhead）。
信头包括发信人的地址和发信日期。很多人不太注意保留信封，在信内的打上发信人地址就方便收信人回信。如果使用已经印好信头的信纸，就只要打上发信日 期。信头位于信的最上方，原则上首先按从小到大的顺序（正好与中文书信相反），门牌号码和街名或单位名占一行（太长可占两行），城镇名和邮政编码占一行， 国名占一行。然后是发信日期，它是信头的最后一行，可以写成日月年（英式）也可写成月日年（美式），如：May8，1996或8May，1996. 必然说明的是，月份要写英文名称，否则有可能产生歧义，如5/8/1996，美国人会理解为1996年5 月8 日，而英国人则理解为1996年8 月5 日。
（2 ）封内地址（Inside Address）。
封内地址包括收信人的姓名和地址。封内地址必须和信封地址一致，否则就是出了差错，收信人此时可将信退回或按封内地址转寄。封内地址的第一行是收信人姓名，第二行职务，从第三行开始写收信人地址，写出法原则上和写发信人地址一样。
（3 ）称呼（Salutation）。
称呼应与亲近程度相吻合。最为正式的也是最不亲近的称呼为Dear Sir（英国用）或Dear Genteman （美国用），一般用于给政府机关、官员的公函中，或用于首次往来的商业书信中。比较熟识的人由应称他的姓，最随便也是最亲近的称呼是直呼其名，一般用于亲 朋好友，但应注意，称姓时只称姓，不要又称名，而称名时 不要加Dr或Mr. 如某人全名为William.另外，如果对方为女性却不知应称Mrs.还是Miss时可称Ms. 。称呼后面的标点英国人习惯用逗号，而美国人习惯用冒号（亲朋好友之间可用逗号）。
（4 ）正文（Body）。
正文是信的主体，和中文书信的要求一样，正文的内容要主题突了出、层次清楚、语言简洁、表达准确。如果正文很长需要几张信纸联页时，则应在每张联页左上端都注明页数和收信人名称，如：Mr.WilliamJ.Hall
（5 ）结束语（Complimentary Close）。
结束语是习惯的客套用语，它必须和前面的称呼遥相呼应。如果前面称Dear Sir，则应选择下列结束语：Very simcerely yours ，Vedry respecrfully yours，Very truly yours ，Sincerely yours 或Yours sincedrely，Respe-crfullky yours 或Yours respecrfullyFaithfully yours 或 Yours faith-fully.如果前面称姓，则应选择下列是结束语：Sincerely yours 或Yours sincerely ，Truly yours 或Yokkurs truly ，Yours ever. 如果前面称名，则表示写信人与收信人的关系亲近友好，应选择下列结束语：SincerelyYours，Love，All my love.
（6 ）签名和发信人姓名（Signaturd and Name Addresser）。
签名因为是亲笔手写，可能不好辩认，因此必须还要打印出来。签名只需签姓名，不需加Mr. 或Mrs.，以及学位头衔等，但打印姓名时，因为中文名没有性别之分，所以中文拼音名前就加Mr.或Mrs.，Miss.，Ms.，以便收信人辨认，英文 名男性不必加Mr.，但女性要加Mrs.，Miss.，Ms. ，打印名后面可加学位头衔等。
一封完整的英文书信必须依序 包含上述六个要素。如果信件有附件并有必要提醒收信人，可在第六个要素之后加上附件注记（Enclosure 或Encl.）。如果整封信写好后又发现遗漏了什么，可在附件注记之后加上又启（Postscript）或其缩写（P.S.）进行补充。
英文书信格式+范例
（1）收信人的地址；
（2）寄信人的地址；
（3）邮票；
（4）地址与信封上边缘留空约40mm；
（5）邮寄指示<如 By Air Mail>；
（6）特别注意事项，要加底线 <如 Printed Matters, Confidential>
| Roman International Inc.
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Blocked Form of Address 齐头式
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AIR MAIL Mr. John Smith
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Indented Form of Address 缩格式地址书写方式
Layout Plans of Letters 信件版面图
(1)Heading (Company name and logo, Address, Telephone number(s), Fax/Telex numbers) 信头（机构名称和标记，地址，电话号码，传真/电传号码）
(2)Date 日期
(3)Addressee's name and address 收信人的姓名和地址
(4)Caption or reference number, underlined 信件提要或编号（要加底线）
(5)Salutation 信件开头的称呼 <如 Dear Sir>
(6)Letter contents 信文
(7)Complimentary closure 结尾敬辞 <如 Yours sincerely>
(8)Writer's signature 写信人的签名
(9)Writer's name 写信人的姓名
(10)Writer's job title写信人的职务头衔
(11)Other information 其他<如写信人所属部门或职责范围>
(12)Miscellaneous abbreviations 各种缩写 <如 cc(抄送)；Encl.(附件)等>
Business letters 公务信件
Letters written by small companies or
individuals 小公司或个人信件
(1)Sender's address with company name above 寄信人地址,公司名应写在第一行.
If the sender is an individual, put address only, no name is needed. 如寄信人为个人,只需写地址,无需写姓名.
(2)Date日期
(3)Addressee's name and address收信人的姓名和地址
(4)Salutation 信件开头的称呼
注:无论公务信件或个人信件,信件编号(Ref:...)可放在(A),(B),(C)或(D)任何一个位置.
Social Correspondence 社交书信
Letter of Congratulations
| Dear Mr. Smith, I am writing to convey my warm congratulations on your appointment to the Board of Asia Industries Ltd. My colleagues and I are delighted that the years of service your have given to your company should at last have been rewarded in this way and we join in sending you our very best wishes for the future. Yours sincerely | 敬爱的史密斯先生： 欣闻你获任命为亚洲实业有限公司董事会成员，我谨向你致以热烈的祝贺。 我和我的同事都感到很高兴，你为贵公司服务多年终以这一方式得到应有的奖赏。我们大家祝你前程远大。 |
Letter Thanks
| Dear Mr. Smith, I am writing to you just to tell you how very much I appreciate the warm welcome you extended to my wife when she visited your country last week. The help and advice you gave to her, and the introductions you arranged for her, have resulted in a number of very useful meetings and I should like you to know how very grateful I am for all you have done to make them possible. I realized the value of time to a busy person like you and this makes me all the more appreciative of the time you so generously gave to her.. | 敬爱的史密斯先生： 我写此信是想告诉您我是多么感激您在我太太上周访问贵国时给予他的热情款待。 你给予她的协助和宝贵意见，以及为她安排的情况介绍，使她有机会开成几次十分有用的会议，这一切都得助于您才得以办成，我对此真是感激不尽。 我深知时间对于像您一样忙的人是多么宝贵，而您如此慷慨地拿出时间接待她，我为此要向您表示无限的感谢。 |
Informal Letter of Invitation
| Dear Miss Smith, My brother Peter will be staying with us for a few days during the Christmas holidays and my wife and I have planned a family dinner for him next Saturday evening at seven o'clock so that he can meet some of our friends . We should be delighted if you could join us. I hope you will let me know that you can come. | 敬爱的史密斯小姐： 我弟弟彼得将在圣诞节假期期间到我们家住几天，我和妻子计划在下星期六晚七时在家中为他设便宴，以便他可以和我们一些朋友见面。若您能出席我们会感到很高兴，希望您告诉我您能来。 |
Formal Letters of Invitation
| Mr. and Mrs. Andrew K.K. Wang R. S. V. P. | 谨订于七月五日星期日晚八时在香港深水湾道100号新亚洲大酒店为我们父母的金婚纪念举行晚宴，敬请 光临 王楷康夫妇敬约 敬请回复 |
Informal Letter Accepting an Invitation
| Dear Mr. Lee, Thank you for your kind invitation to the dinner you and Mrs. Lee are giving next Saturday for your brother. I shall be very happy indeed to come, and look forward with pleasure to meeting your brother. Yours sincerely | 李先生： 感谢您邀请我参加您和夫人下周六为您兄弟举行的晚宴。我将很高兴出席，并愉快地期待着见到您的兄弟。
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Formal Letter Accepting an Invitation
| Mr. and Mrs. John Smith | 约翰史密斯夫妇欣然接受王楷康先生和夫人的邀请，参加于七月五日晚八时在香港深水湾道100 号新亚洲大酒店举行的晚宴。 |
Informal Letter Declining an Invitation
| Dear Mr. Lee, I am so sorry that I cannot come to the dinner you and Mrs. Lee are giving next Saturday for your brother because of a previous engagement that evening. I do appreciate your asking me and hope that I will have the opportunity to meet your brother on some other occasion in the near future. | 李先生： 很抱歉我不能参加下周六您和李夫人为您兄弟举行的晚宴，因为那天晚上我恰巧有约在先。 但我非常感激您邀请我，并希望在不久的将来有机会能见到您的兄弟。 |
Formal Letter Declining an Invitation
| Mr. and Mrs. John Smith | 约翰史密斯夫妇因已有约，不能应邀参加王楷康先生和夫人定于七月五日晚八时在新亚洲大酒店举行的晚宴。至为抱歉。 |
Letter of Condolence
| Dear Mr. Long, I have just learned with deep regret of the death of your wife and I am writing at once to express our heartfelt sympathy. There is not much one can say at a time such as this, but those of us at the office who have met Mrs. Long would like you to know that you have our sincere sympathy in your bereavement. We recall her many kindness. She will be missed by all who knew her. If there is any way in which we can be of any help, either now or later, do please let us know. Yours sincerely | 敬爱的朗先生， 我刚才获悉您妻子去世的噩耗，深感悲痛，现即时提笔向您表示我们深切的哀悼。 在这种时刻任何语言都是苍白无力的，我办公室中凡认识龙太太的同仁都希望您知道，我们对您痛失亲人表示诚挚的同情。我们都记得她是多么和蔼可亲，所以认识她的人都将怀念她。 如果我们可以任何方式帮助您，不管是现在还是稍后，都请您告诉我们。 |
Letters of Introduction
| Dear Sir, The bearer of this letter is Mr. John Smith, our manager for the sales and marketing department. Mr. Smith will be spending two months in New York in order to develop our business with suitable firms. We shall be most grateful if you will introduce him to reliable business people and give him any help or advice he may need. We feel that with your experience and connections and your knowledge of the trade you are the best person we know who is able to do this. We shall very much appreciate your help and look forward to the opportunity of reciprocating when you come to our city. Yours faithfully | 尊敬的先生： 持信人约翰史密斯先生是我们公司业务部门经理，他将在纽约逗留2个月以便和适当的商行拓展业务。 如果您能把商业界一些可靠的人士介绍给他，并给予他必要的协助和建议，我们将万分感激。我们感到您有丰富的经验和广泛的联系，加上您对本行的了解，您是我们认识的人中能办到此事的最佳人选。 我们感谢您的帮助并期待在您到访时报答您的好意。
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Business Correspondence 商业书信
Enquiry 询盘（a）
| Dear sir, We have seen your advertisement in the New Asia Journal and are particularly interested in your portable typewriters, but we require a machine suitable for fairly heavy duty. Please send me your current illustrated catalogue and a price list. Your faithfully | 敬启者： 我们在《新亚洲周刊》见到你们的广告。我们对你们的手提打字机尤感兴趣，但我们需要的是一台适用于打字量较大的机子。 请你寄一份最新的附图产品目录和价目表来。谢谢。 |
| Dear Sir, We are a leading dealer in waterproof garments in this city. Our customers have expressed interest in your raincoats and enquired about their quality. Provided quality and price are satisfactory there are prospects of good sales here, but before placing a firm order we should be glad if you would send us, on fourteen day's approval, a selection of men's and women's raincoats. Any of the items unsold at the end of the period, and which we decide not to keep as stock, would be returned at our expense. We look forward to hearing from you soon. | 敬启者： 我们是一家经销防水衣的主要商号。我们的顾客对贵公司生产的雨衣有兴趣，并曾询问过它们的品质。 若质量和价格适宜，你们的雨衣在这里会有较好的销量。但在正式下定单之前，我们希望先试销。如你们能选一批男，女装雨衣寄来，并同意给我们14天的试销期，我们将会感到很高兴。在此期限结束时，任何未销出而我们又不准备库存的产品将退还给你们，退货费用由我方负担。 盼早日赐复。 |
Reply 报盘（a）
| Dear Sir， We were very pleased to receive your letter of 5th April answering our advertisement for typewriters and, as requested, enclose a copy of our latest illustrated catalogue and current price list. We think the "Portable 95" is a machine that would suit your purpose very well. It weighs 6.5 kg and is a bit heavier than the usual portable, but it is good for heavy duty and at the same time conveniently portable when carried in its case. We have one of these machines in stock and we shall be pleased to arrange for you to try it. Although costs have been rising since March, we have not yet raised our pries, but may have to do so when present stocks run out. We therefore advise you to place your order with us at once. | 敬启者： 我们很高兴收到您四月五日答复我们打字机广告的来信，现按您来信的要求附上我们最新的附图产品目录及现在的价目表。 我们认为“手提95型”会适合您的需要。这部机重6。5公斤，比常见的手提机稍重一些，但适合于打字量大的用途，同时也可放进打字箱内，十分便于手提。 我们目前的存货中有这样一台机子，我们将很乐意为您安排前来试用。 自今年三月以来各种费用一直在上升，但我们仍未提价，不过目前的库存一旦售完便可能不得不这样做。为此我们建议您即时向我们下订单。 |
| Dear Sir, Thank you for your letter of 10th March. We are gratified to receive your request for men and women's raincoats on approval. As we have not previously done business together, perhaps you will kindly agree to supply either the usual trade references, or the name of a bank to which we may refer. As soon as these enquiries are satisfactorily settled, we shall be happy to send you the items you mention in your letter. W sincerely hope this will be the beginning of a long and pleasant business association. We shall do our best to make it so. | 敬启者： 您三月十日的来函收悉，我们对您提出有意试销我们出产的男女装雨衣的要求谨表示由衷的高兴。 鉴于我们双方以往未有生意往来，可否请您提供一些一般的商业信用证明资料，或我们可查询的某家银行的名称。一旦这些查询获满意答复，我们将非常乐意向您寄出您信中提出的产品。 我们衷心希望这是我们双方长期愉快合作的开始，我们将为此尽心竭力。 |
Complaint 投诉
| Dear Sir, On 5th October I bought one of your expensive "Apollo" fountain pens from Julian's, a big department store of this town. Unfortunately I have been unable to use the pen because it leaks and fails to write without making blots. I am very disappointed with my purchase. On the advice of Julian's manager I am returning the pen to you and enclose it with this letter for correction of the fault. Please arrange for the pen to be fixed or replace it with a new one and send it to me as soon as possible. | 敬启者： 本人于十月五日在本市的朱利安大百货公司购买了你们出产的名贵“阿波罗”型号钢笔一支。但遗憾的是，我一直未能使用这支笔，因为它漏墨水，一写字就漏出一滴滴墨水污渍。我对所购买的产品非常失望。 现按照朱利安百货公司经理的意见，我随信把这支笔退还给你们，以便你们设法补救。 请你们安排修理此笔，或换一支新的给我，并望早日寄来为盼。 |
Settlement of Complaint 对投诉的处理
| Dear Sir, Thank you for your letter of 9th October enclosing the defective "Apollo" fountain pen, received today. We very much regret that the pen you bought has given your trouble. Normally each of our pens is individually examined before being passed into store and it is hard to understand why this one escaped examination. We have passed your pen to our quality control department for inspection and a report. Meanwhile, we are arranging to replace your pen with a new one. We extend our apologies for the inconvenience this matter has caused you, but are confident that the replacement pen you will be receiving will prove satisfactory and give you the service you are entitled to expect from our products. | 敬启者： 我们今天受到您十月五日寄来的信及所附的有毛病的“阿波罗”钢笔一支。您购买的笔给您造成麻烦，我们对此深感遗憾。 一般情况下，我们生产的每支钢笔都要经过单独检验才能进入仓库，因此很难理解为什么这支被漏检。我们已将您的笔送交质量检查部门检验，并要求做出报告。与此同时，我们正安排为您更换新笔。 我们对此事给您造成的不便深感抱歉，但深信您将收到的新笔会令您满意，不辜负您对我们产品质量所寄托的期望。 |
Dear John Letter 绝交信范例一
Dear John LetterDear John, I have been seriously looking back upon our relationship and getting very clear on what I need and desire out of a relationship. The conclusion I have come to is that we are too different in both our personality and our desired lifestyles to be able to successfully live together with joy, bliss, good communication, and interaction. This is not about you or about me "winning or losing", or about one of us being wrong -- it is about two ways of being... which do not fulfill each other, or go together. Though I had been open to having you visit with the thought that possibly we could 'try' again, after thinking about it a lot, I realize that it is not a good idea. I am very clear that we are not the 'right' people for each other at this time in our lives. Please forgive yourself, and me, for any 'mistakes' we made along the way... and remember that we both have grown immensely through being together... but the time has come to move on. So basically what I am saying is that I would like to 'cancel' my invitation for you to visit. I feel at this time, that I need to move on with my life, and having you come and visit would not serve any positive purpose. You need to accept that this relationship is over and open yourself up to receiving the blessings of the universe... I think we both need to let go of the past, be grateful for what we had for a time, learn from our experiences, and move on from there. Dearest John, we have been through a lot together... I have a learned a lot about myself, as you have learnt a lot about yourself. At this point, we are both ready to graduate to the next level in a relationship...What we have learned, whether while we were together, or whether after, through looking back on how we 'operated' together, will serve us in our future relationships. It has been my experience, that all relationships that end are simply opening the door to another level of joy, and a better relationship built on what we have learnt in the past. So I know and trust that there is someone out there who will support you in your growth while loving you exactly the way you are... which is something that we were not doing for each other. I constantly judged and criticized you, in the same manner that you judged and criticized me... Out there is the perfect person for you that will love you and not find a single thing to criticize about you in the same way that you will not find a single thing to criticize about them... You will accept her as she is, even while seeing that she is not "perfect". Do not see this as losing something, but rather as having gained knowledge and wisdom... Everything that you learned from us being together, as well as from us being separated, you will be able to put in practice in your next relationship to avoid the traps that we got into. EVERYTHING ALWAYS WORKS OUT FOR THE BEST, and this is no exception. Trust in yourself, trust in the Universe, trust in the power of Love that rules our lives. Please don’t get into feeling sorry for yourself and wanting to 'end it all'. Rather, thank God for the learning experience, and ask for the openness to recognize the blessings in your life. They are there... open yourself up to being you, accepting yourself completely without judgment, and loving yourself unconditionally. I wish you joy, I wish you happiness, I wish you heaven on earth. Please trust in yourself and the Universe enough to take some deep breaths, and start looking to find and create joy in your life. It is there... simply step out and claim it. Blessings to you... Be the light!
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Dear Cigarette 绝交信范例二
| 25 Smokey Lane Our Town 4GO T10 Dear Cigarette, For the past 17 years, you have been my best friend. You have seen me through difficult times, happy times and just about every phase of my life. You have always been here when I've needed you. Some of my family and friends didn't care much for you, but I always defended you no matter what. I always thought you were a great friend to have, and I counted on you at all times. It's hard for me to tell you this, but in the past few months, I have been seriously thinking about ending our relationship. I've decided that I've just been too dependent on you, and I feel that at the age of 35 it is time that I start being more independent. I thought about just maybe seeing you once in a while, but I don't think that would work. Eventually, I'd start relying on you all the time again. I feel the only way to end our relationship is to end it for good. I've always included you in everything I've done but next week, I'm going on a trip, and I've decided not to take you along. I feel this would be a good time to break up. I will be gone a whole week without you and if I can make it on my own for that week, I know I can make it forever. It is a little sad for me knowing that I won't be able to rely on you anymore, but I think I will be a better person in the end. Sincerely, Letty Gogh |
求职信七步写作法
求职信分为推荐信和自荐信两种，它是书面表达的重要体裁之一，也是高考书面表达的热点内容。写求职信可按下列七个步骤进行。下面举例说明：
假设你叫李平，你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译，请你给该公司经理写一份求职信，你的个人资料如下：
1.简况：姓名，李平；年龄，30岁；身高，1.80米；健康状况，良好；业余爱好，游泳、唱歌、跳舞。
2.简历：1994年北京大学毕业后分配到南通中学工作，1996年调至苏州中学工作至今。
3.工作：工作认真负责，与人相处融洽。
4.特长：精通英语，尤其口语，已将多本中文书籍译成英语，懂一些日语、能用日语与外宾对话。
联系电话：3654731
联系地址：苏州市人民路一号
第一步：介绍消息来源
介绍消息来源实际上是求职信的开篇交待句，它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅；而不介绍消息来源，会使收信人感到意外、突然，文章也缺乏过渡、照应，本文消息来源可作如下介绍：
Dear manager,
I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.第二步：表明求职心愿
介绍完消息来源后，应向收信人表明自己的求职心愿，即写信的目的，本文求职心愿可作如下介绍：
I'm interested in this job very much. I'd like to get this job.第三步：介绍个人简历
某单位需要新人，求职人也有求职心愿，但这并不意味着这项工作非你莫属。如果你没有干好这项工作的经历、实力，也是难以适应的。因此，介绍个人简历是必不可少的。本文个人简历可介绍如下：
Now I'd like to introduce myself to you. My name is Li Ping. I'm 30 years old. I'm 180 cm tall. I'm healthy. I like swimming, singing and dancing in my spare time. I graduated from Beijing University in 1994.Then,I went to work in Nantong Middle School.In 1996，I began to work in Suzhou Middle School and I have worked there until now.第四步：摆出求职优势
仅有一定的工作经历而没有自身的优势和特长，也很难求得称心如意的工作。因此，求职时应表明自己除了具有一定的工作经历之外，还具有一定的优势和特长，这样才能稳操胜券。本文可通过如下方法摆出自己的优势：
I work hard and I can get along well with others. I'm good at English and especially my spoken English is very good. I've translated many Chinese books into English. I can understand Japanese and I can talk to foreigners in Japanese freely.第五步：提出获职打算
丰富的工作经验，一定的优势和特长，只能代表过去和现在的情况，如果获职后自以为心愿已了，从此高枕无忧，马虎从事，那也是得不到用人单位认可的。显然表明获职后努力工作的决心是感动用人单位的领导从而顺利谋得此项工作的重要一环。本文获职打算可作如下介绍：
If you agree with me, I'll work hard and try to be a good translator.第六步：请求答复联系
如果单位领导同意了你的求职要求，你必然要请他和你联系，以便你及时做好准备，到用人单位应聘或报到。为准确起见，请求答复联系时你还应当提供你的通讯地址、邮政编码、电话号码、电子信箱等。本文答复联系的内容可作如下介绍：
If you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me. I live at No.1 Renmin Road,Suzhou city. My telephone number is 3654371. 第七步：表明感激之情
无论你的请求是否能够得到满意的答复，你给用人单位写信就是给对方添了麻烦，因此你应向对方表明感激之情。本文可这样来表明感激之情：
Thank you very much.
上述七步内容联成一个整体，再加上下面的信尾，就成为一封完整的求职信。
Yours Truly
LiPing实战训练：
假如你是王林，李明是你的好友，他对Brown先生的公司(firm)感兴趣，打算到该公司谋职(apply for a position)。请根据下面李明的简历表，用英语写一封推荐信，词数120左右。
Dear Mr.Brown,
My friend-Li Ming wants to apply for a position with your firm. Now, I'd like to introduce my friend to you. Li Ping graduated from a college three years ago and since then he has worked as a lawyer. He is good at English and knows some Japanese. He works hard and is careful in everything he does. He is honest, kind and easy to get on with. He was born on May 1,1968 in Jinan, Shandong Province,China. He is married and lives at No.148 Renmin Road,Jinan city.He shows great interest in your firm. If he is accepted, he will do his best. I'm sure he will be fit for the position. If you agree with him, please write a letter to him, his telephone number is 6600537.
Yours truly
