ABSTRACT
The practitioner placing dental implants has many options with respect to pre-implant radiographic assessment of the jaws.种植义齿手术前针对颌骨有多种放射学评估手段。 The advantages and disadvantages of the imaging modalities currently available for pre-implant imaging are discussed in some detail. 下面讨论了不同手段的优缺点。Intra-oral and extra-oral radiographs are generally low dose but the information provided is limited as the images are not three-dimensional. 口内和口外的X线摄影同时剂量小，但它的提供的信息不是三维的。Tomography is three-dimensional, but the image quality is highly variable. 断层摄影是三维的，但是图像质量有较大差异。Computed tomography (CT) has been the gold standard for many years as the information provided is three-dimensional and generally very accurate. CT是多年来的金标准，因为它提供三维的信息，而且通常很准确。However, CT examinations are expensive and deliver a relatively high radiation dose to the patient. 但CT检查通常交昂贵，而且射线剂量较大。The latest imaging modality introduced is cone beam volumetric tomography (CBVT) and this technology is very promising with regard to pre-implant imaging. 目前最先进的是锥束CT（CBVT），而且它非常有应用前景。CBVT generally delivers a lower dose to the patient than CT and provides reasonably sharp images with three-dimensional information. CBVT通常剂量较低，而且可以提供相当锐利的三维图像。A comparison between CT and CBVT is provided.文章提供了CT和CBVT的比较。Magnetic resonance imaging is showing some promise, but the examinations are not readily available, generally expensive and bone is not well imaged. 磁共振对软组织有效但较贵而且骨组织成像不佳。 Magnetic resonance imaging is excellent for demonstrating soft tissues and therefore may be of great use in identifying the inferior dental nerve and vessels. 磁共振对于软组织成像有利，也许对鉴别血管神经有帮助。All of the above technology is of little value if the information required is not obtained and so information is also provided on imaging of some of the vital structures. Of particular interest is the inferior dental canal, incisive canals of the mandible, genial foramina and canals, maxillary sinus and the incisive canal and foramen of the maxilla.
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